Civil Rights and Martin Luther King Jr. Essay - 1221 Words

Martin Luther King, Jr. was a great civil rights leader who gave his life in the name of freedom. The work of Martin Luther King, Jr. goes further than establishing peaceful social change strategies, he shaped America into the free country it is today. Before his protests in the south blacks, were treated like second rate citizens. It was uncommon to see blacks and whites using the same public restroom, or drinking from the same water fountain. Dr. King created a legacy that carried on far beyond his death. He had a dream that blacks and whites could live together in peace, free of segregation. Born January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia Martin Luther King, JR. was rooted in the African American Baptist church. He was the†¦show more content†¦He used the fellowship to enroll at Boston University, where in 1953 he had completed all the courses necessary for his doctorate. In 1955 he was awarded his Ph.D. in systematic theology. It was here in Boston where he met his soul mate Coretta Scott (American Reformers). Dr. King was very in love with and very grateful for his wife. â€Å"My devoted wife has been a constant source of consolation to me through all the difficulties† (King 37). She was always by his side and gave him support in his protests. Following the birth of King’s children, Coretta had to stay home and care for their two sons and two daughters. She didn’t mind the fact that King wasn’t home much. She knew he was fighting for a worthy cause. In 1954 Dr. King was appointed head pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. This is where he was unanimously voted president of the Montgomery Improvement Association. Citizens of Montgomery began a bus boycott led by King. He showed exceptional skills as a speaker and great personal courage. During the Boycott he endured many hardships including his arrest and the bombing of his home (American reformers). As a result of the 382-day boycott in Montgomery the United States Supreme Court declared Alabama’s state and local laws requiring segregation unconstitutional. This was Kings first great victory, it inspired him to dedicate himself to desegregation, and gettingShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr.1468 Words   |  6 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement is one of the greatest things in this world we are most grateful for. If we lived during the time of segregation it would have been a difficult time for us because anyone w ith a different skin tone would not have equal rights like the white Americans did. Furthermore, there were many people who did things to give people with color rights. Of these people was a pastor named Martin Luther King Jr. he contributed greatly to the field of Civil Rights movement with marchesRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr.1174 Words   |  5 Pagesmemorable figure that revolutionized equally in the United States is Martin Luther King Jr. King was an activist leader during the Civil Rights Movement who nonviolently protested along with many of his followers, involving civil disobedience, peaceful symbolic protests and economic noncooperation. He used great and powerful speeches regarding racial discrimination and used other ways to fight back against inequality. For instance, King was arrested for nonviolently protesting in Birmingham when the cityRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement 597 Words   |  2 Pagestheir rights? People who did not let anything get in their way, no matter how tough times got? This place was American during the 1960s. Change in American was about to come and the pe ople in American were going to make sure it happened. The 1960s was a time of determination, self-expression, and excitement. The 1960s came with many ups and downs. But there was many people in the 60s that made a change during that time and their legacy still has an affect on us today. People such as Martin LutherRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesA civil rights leader by the name of Reverend (PBS, 2016) Martin Luther King Jr. changed the world he occupied and changed the future course of the United States of America by advocating for desegregation. Martin Luther King Junior was on a mission to end the segregation of the African American community. Segregation was the post result of slavery throughout the United States of America which enslaved Africans. He challenged the status quo of the time. Protesting peacefully and advocating for socialRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr.1305 Words   |  6 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement was a crucially essential and impactful part of American history. Since the beginning of the first colonies, racism, segregation, and mistreatment has been present in our country. First coming to the new lands through the Triangular Trade, African Americans have suffered of a lack of humane rights. As they stood up for themselves, and other non-African American supporters with them, they lead to the unraveling of one of the longest successful trials that have been foughtRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr And The Civil Rights Movement1134 Words   |  5 PagesWhen we think of the Civil Rights Movement, we often think of the most prominent leaders like Martin Luther King Jr, Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X who’ve surely paved the way for the beginning of the movement. However many times we overlook the ones who aren’t talked about in the classrooms during Black History Month, or when we’re discussing the Civil Rights Movement. In response, I dedicate my paper on an African-American Organization to those who promoted the freedom and rights of Black Americans andRead Mo reCivil Rights Leaders: Martin Luther King Jr. 1822 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) was a Baptist minister and social activist who played a key role in the American Civil rights movement from the mid-1950s until his assassination in 1968†(â€Å"Martin Luther King Jr.†). For many years people have celebrated a day known as â€Å"Martin Luther King Day† in honor of a man who stood up for his beliefs and stood up for his race (â€Å"Martin Luther King Jr.†). Many observe the third Monday of January as a regular day, while others observe it as a day to rememberRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr. And The Civil Rights1956 Words   |  8 PagesStates there was extremely high issues surrounding the racial segregation and the civil rights to all people especially those of color. Each argument in reference to the segregation and the civil rights held philosophical theories for their opinions and perspectives. This paper will compare the arguments vs. various principles of legal philosophies. These principles will be compared against Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s famous and historical â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech and Governor George Wallace famousRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is unarguably the most famous civil rights900 Words   |  4 Pages Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is unarguably the most famous civil rights activist in American history. His story and legacy is taught in classrooms across the country. From birth to death, Dr. King impacted the lives of many people and changed the roles of society forever. Dr. King had one big dream and what shaped his dream begins in Atlanta,, Georgia, and ends in Memphis, Tennessee. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born into a loving and caring family on January 15, 1929 inRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. : The Start Of The Civil Rights Movement1008 Words   |  5 PagesEssay The Civil Rights movement was a push to expand the rights of African Americans in the United States. It is widely known that Martin Luther King Jr. was the figurehead of this movement he got his start in the Montgomery bus boycotts as he organized and spoke on behalf of the African American community in Montgomery and worked closely with Rosa Parks and other civil rights activists. Although this is where the movement’s most prominent leader got his start, it should not be considered

Illegal Immigrants And The United States - 1303 Words

As history has shown, millions of immigrants have flocked to the United States in attempts to find a better life. The complexity of immigration is much greater now than it was in the early 1900’s. Most immigrants arriving on boats to Ellis Isle would have only been denied if they were deemed to be a criminal or with disease. Individuals must now endure an extensive application process to obtain a green card or visa. Without one of these documents, the person is considered to be here illegally. Today we have scores of people attempting to circumvent the laws of our country by crossing the border and many prove successful. These undocumented immigrants, otherwise known as illegals, continue to be a hot topic of debate in our country. Estimates currently stand at around 11 million illegal immigrants in the United States today. Of theses 11 million, 41 percent reside in either California or Texas. The overwhelming majority of illegal entrance into the US takes place at the souther n border from Mexico. In this paper I will attempt to explain how illegal immigrants play in role in employment, our society, and how they impact the overall economic welfare of the United States. One of the first arguments that come to mind when on the subject of illegal immigration is that they take jobs away from Americans. This would seem like a logical assumption based on the simple idea of supply and demand. Illegals cause an increase in the number of people searching for jobs, which in turnShow MoreRelatedIllegal Immigrants : The United States1392 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Lema Professor Ferrell English 1470 19 Oct 2017 Illegal Immigration Illegal immigrants are coming into the United States at an alarming rate and it is affecting the United States in negative ways. Immigrants are drawn to America to escape poverty, corrupt government, crime, severe danger, drugs, or persecution in their own countries. Immigrants that come to the United States of America are supposed to apply for a Visa when they first arrive. To get a Visa, the peopleRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States1248 Words   |  5 Pagesa half million unauthorized immigrants in the United States in 2014. The population has remained stable for five years, and currently makes up three and half percent of the nation’s population. In the United States Labor Force, there were eight million unauthorized immigrants either working or looking for work in 2014. Is it ethical to employ illegal immigrants? According to the Pew Research Center, Currently, â€Å"49% of US citizens agree with the statement â€Å"immigrants today strengthen the countryRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States1418 Words   |  6 PagesAn illegal immigrant, who works for their keep in an unknown country, contributes to taxes, stays out of trouble, and just wants a better life in a foreign country, on unknown land should be recognized for their contribution to that particular society. An illegal immigrant is a person who migrates to a different country in a way that is in violation of the immigrant laws of that country. Immigration has been a divided topic for many years in America- illegal immigrants are sometimes seen as a burdenRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States Essay1594 Words   |  7 Pagesand illegal immigrants originate to the United States. From all around a world, individuals want to arise toward America for an improved existence for them and their families. America is a freedom-oriented country, where everybody has right how to live their life in their own conditions. I myself, I remain immigrant as wel l. I came to U.S.A. 5 years ago. American culture remains actual diverse somewhat from other cultures. In this country, we all get the liberty to live our life. The United StatesRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States Essay1527 Words   |  7 PagesIllegal immigrants have been present in every country ever since governments have been established. Even in the time when Christopher Columbus first set foot on North America, there were already Natives living on the continent. The British immigrants that first established the Thirteen Colonies brought disease and famine with them. Many Natives died from the diseases that the British brought with them. If there had been a federal government in place, the settlers would have been considered illegalRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States1256 Words   |  6 PagesAn immigrant is a person who legally comes to a country to take up a permanent residence. An illegal immigrant is a person who does come to a country without f ollowing the established legal procedures of the destination country and who resides in that country without the proper identifications for example: visas, or other documents. Illegal immigrants are sometimes referred to as illegal aliens or undocumented workers. Emigration and immigration are two sides of the same basic act of human migrationRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States of America constantly boasts about its homeland security system and the 1.6 million dollar budget it grants to immigrant and border control. However, in the past decade the number of illegal immigrants in the US has risen from around 4 million to 11.6 million. Its insane that the United States is spending the extremely generous sum of 1.6 million dollars on border control out of its 3.8 trillion dollar budget, and is seeing no return! Currently, about 3.5 million illegal immigrantsRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And The United States1848 Words   |  8 Pagesof the United States immigration has reliably transformed into a bit of our nation s fabric which began many years earlier. Just to wind up one of the most sizzling subjects in the United States and as of late with its essential center being illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants are individuals who enters a country without the administration s authorization. In 2008, the Center for Immigration Studies assessed that there are more than 11 million illegal immigrants in the United States which areRead MoreIllegal Immigrants : The United States1174 Words   |  5 PagesEach year about 2.5 million Illegal immigrants attempt to cross the border, only about 100,000 and less make it through. Illegal immigrants come to America for a better life. They have gradually increased over time since the 1800’s. Illegal immigrants can come from all parts of the world, but most them come from spanish speaking countries (South and Central America). Most Americans believe illegal immigrants are a problem to the U.S.. Also, Illegal immigrants are believed to be bringing crime, butRead MoreIllegal Immigrants in the United States613 Words   |  3 Pages It has been estimated that there are 8.3 million workers in the United States who are illegal immigrants. There have been certain proposed policy responses that vary from more restrictive border and workplace enforcement to the legalization of workers who are already here. Using the U.S. Applied General Equilibrium, it’s possible to weigh in the impact on such factors like public revenues and expenditures, the occupational mix and total employment of U.S. workers, the amount of capital

BAA’s Communication Breakdown Free Essays

The biggest challenge facing the British Airports Authority, or BAA, is allowing itself to move forward without sacrifice. Group leaders want to expand their authority while being a good community neighbor. Problems exist considering that the organization proposed to enlarge Heathrow Airport. We will write a custom essay sample on BAA’s Communication Breakdown or any similar topic only for you Order Now BAA officials knew they could not start those improvements until area residents complied with their requests. (Olivant, 2000) Most companies put in this situation would follow their agendas because they (a) had their shareholders’ position in mind (b) their own interest in mind or (c) they could. (Olivant, 2000) What BAA executives did instead was speak with affected groups to determine what could be done to please everyone. The solution was a â€Å"Contract with the Community† that openly addressed public concerns ranging from air pollution to runway expansion. The results were increased community support and the backing to continue serving its customers. (Olivant, 2000) This move became telling, as the BAA switched leaders in March 2008 to streamline best practices and to bolster travel in and out of Heathrow Airport. (Pagano, 2008) The hiring of Colin Matthews as the CEO was instituted to get those changes and attitudes about the airport done. Getting security in line with modern technology and addressing the expansion issues in making the airport more suitable for travel. (Pagano, 2008) Whether this move pans out for the BAA remains to be seen. It was perceived that should the move to change the CEO at the BAA be unsuccessful, then it would make for a real communications problem because the BAA Chairman Sir Nigel Rudd would also resign. BAA 2 List of References Olivant, S. (200). â€Å"A business case for corporate citizenship. † Best Practices: Best Enterprises for Sustainable Travel. New York: The Conference Group. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from: http://www. sustainabletravel. org/docs/pdf_BAA. pdf Pagano, M. (2008). â€Å"Bloodletting at BAA: the new regime that must take on a jumbo sized challenge. † The Independent. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from: http://www. independent. co. uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/bloodletting-at-baa-the-new-regime-that-must-take-on-a-jumbosized-challenge-790176. html How to cite BAA’s Communication Breakdown, Papers

Global Warming Hoax free essay sample

Global Warming: The Hoax of the 21st Century I Buena Vista University I Bridget M. Broodier I Abstract This essay takes a closer look into what Global Warming really consists of, or if it even exists at all. It will uncover proven scientific research that shows the truths behind the politics, provide data of the actual recorded climate changes, and explain why the Going Green policies are Just a scam to make additional money off consumers as well as a scare tactic for the government to gain control. Global Warming Hoax The Darwinism symbol http://housewarmings. Wordless. Com/2010/04/05/the-meaning-of-the-Christian- Since the beginning of time, the human population has been quick to realize that scare tactics are effective at making sure control is accomplished. One of the very first, or most famous, hoax stories belonged to the Roman Empire. They worried that the poor would start to rise against and even possibly conquer the Empire so they started to teach redemption. They taught the citizens that if they worked hard and stayed loyal to their residing government, then they would be sent to a wonderful and peaceful after life, but if they turned against them, then they would be sent to a eerie pit to rot for eternity. More recently, the hoax of the twentieth century was the idea of evolution, known as Darwinism, by Charles Darwin. Darwin not only brought up an exotic idea but also had scientific proof to back up his theories. Why did these hoax stories work? Because they brought up the exact things that people did not want to discuss, it stirred things up to say the least. What do these two hoax stories have in common? There actually is a lot in common with both of these stories, but the main element is that they come very close to contradicting each other. The first story remises an eternal prosperous life as long as there is a lifetime dedicated to loyalty to their government. The second story swears that humans evolved from the nature around us. The connection: religion versus government. H. L. Mencken said The whole aim of practical politics is to keep the populace alarmed (and hence clamorous to be led to safety) by menacing it with an endless series of hobgoblins, all of them imaginary. (Buchanan, 2010). Global warming is the biggest hoax of the 21st century. One tot the strongest sales points tot the global warming hoax is that the human race s making the world temperatures rise, which will have a domino effect ultimately resulting in the end of the world, unless we do something about it. One point that never is mentioned in the Going Green Campaigns is the fact that in the last 1. 6 million years there have been 63 alternations between warm and cold climates, and no indication that any of them were caused by changes in carbon dioxide levels (Contorts, 2010). Figure 2: The beneficial element of carbon dioxide in the oxygen cycle. Http://water. Me. Vics. Dude/concepts/kilocycle. HTML The major cause for this global warming that is negative has been blamed on carbon dioxide (CA). According to Harvard astrophysicist Sallies Balsas, the added CA in the atmosphere may actually benefit the world because more CA helps plants grow (Stolen 2007). This is a very beneficial statement added to the debate, mainly because the Green advocates want to a im their green tactics at eliminating carbon dioxide, but without carbon dioxide in the world nothing could be green. See figure two that shows how carbon dioxide is a beneficial element of the oxygen cycle on earth. Over the preceding million years, climate and carbon dioxide levels have ranged, but even at much higher CA levels than todays, life still has flourished Could, 2012). Also, another significant negative factor said to cause this major climate change are greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases, dictionary definition, are gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation. They include carbon dioxide (CA), methane (CHI), nitrous oxide (NON), and water vapor. Other than carbon dioxide, the other gases are almost never mentioned. However, water vapor is a strong greenhouse gas and accounts for at least ninety-five percent of any greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide accounts for about three percent, and the engaging two percent is a combination of methane and nitrous oxide. However, for having such a huge part of the cause to this problem, water vapor is hardly acknowledged; instead the focus stays on carbon dioxide because it can be considered attributed to human activities. Figure 3 http://www. Americanization. Com/2011107/ the_global_warming_hoax_how_soon_we_forget. HTML In addition, another factor of the global warming viewpoint states that the temperatures are steadily rising. According to William Heaper, Princeton physics professor, global temperatures have increased by around four-fifths of one degree Celsius since the Little Ice Age of the early 1800. Some of that warming has probably come from increased amounts of CA, but the timing o f the warming much of it before CA levels had increased appreciably suggests that a substantial fraction of the warming is from natural causes that have nothing to do with mankind (Could, 2012). The main focus of blaming human activities for the varying temperatures has been proven to be false numerous times, yet no one ever brings up the research studies that have shown how the climates have changed and varied over the past few entities, as a part of nature not because of human activities. Prior to what is known as the Little Ice Age, which lasted from approximately the early asses through the mid asses, there was a period now called the Medieval Warm Period from 900-1300 A. D. This period has been suggested to comparable with the warming in the twenty- first century according to a 2 study (Swenson, 2 See Figure three that snows the past ten thousand years climate change. Figure 4: Normal melting from a Antarctica glacier, as you can also see the different layers in the glacier from prior letting refreezing. Http://news. Softwoods. Com/newswoman/Most-Glaciers-Len- The-World-Melting-2. Jpg/ Human activities have also been blamed for causing the ice caps of Antarctica to start melting. The fact behind this is that the glaciers are still covering the continent, contrary to what some have said. Glaciers have been receding and growing regularly for hundreds of years. The most recent glacier melting has been noted as a consequence of coming out of the Little Ice Age in the mid asses. Scientists know of at least thirty-three periods of glaciers growing and retreating; its armor (Swenson, 2011). This has been shown by the different layers that make up a glacier; each layer has been from the melting and refreezing stages. See figure four that shows the actual melting process along with the side of the glacier that displays the different layers it consists of from various melting and refreezing eras. While we hear endless arguments over the Arctic ice cap, we hear very little about a 2009 British Antarctica Survey that the sea ice cap has been expanding by one-hundred- thousand square kilometers (62,138 miles roughly) a decade for the last thirty years. This translates into about thirty-eight hundred miles of new ice every year (Buchanan, 2010). Figure 5: Political cartoon of Green politics. Http://Junior. Bloodspot. Com/2012/06/mandating-theoretical-hypothetical. HTML This also points out a very valid question: can we trust the statistics we hear on television? Now, well trying not to sound like a conspiracy theory, facts have to be presented. These facts include skewed statistics and scientists. According to Texas Governor Rick Perry There are a substantial number of scientists who have manipulated data so they would have dollars rolling into their projects (Miller, 2011). This is a great objection to validate, especially since scientific grants and funding are based on an as needed basis, so if there is no need or at least a minute chance of being seen necessary then there will not be money delegated to it. So, in order to research this Global Warming project further in-depth, and to have the funding to make that possible, scientists know they must make it an alarming issue. Instead of basing the research on existing facts that the earth has climate changing cycles or that nature is the main cause of the issues at hand, they can blame it on human activities to start a trickle-down effect. Why does the public not ever get to hear this information? Dry. Sallies Bilingual said it perfectly, Its the money! Twenty-five billion dollars in government funding has been spent since 1990 to research global warming. If scientists and researchers were coming out releasing reports that global warming has little to do with man and most to do with Just how the planet works, there wouldnt be as much money to study it (Stolen, 2007). The scientific alternatives that have been approved and distributed to the public as green products also bring up a point to challenge. The most debatable product on the environmentally friendly production line is the compact florescent light bulb. These products specifically are costly and contain a significant hazardous potential as it contains mercury. This meaner consumers must take extra steps to maintain their own personal health and safety. One step in this process is ensuring consumers have correct knowledge tot now to dispose tot the bulbs when they do burn out or what steps to take if a bulb was to break around them. This is knowledge that every consumer may not have access to, therefore creating a hazard to the general populace. The Green movement has had several political benefits as well. While there have been many political debates over the global changes, many campaigns have been based on being environmentally friendly. The chances of these programs being taken to congress after election are few and far between, but the potential cost to the country of implementing each program is way beyond the billions if not trillions of dollars, but that is the fine print that no one reads as they vote (Miller, 2011). Congressional debates over these programs constantly exist, therefore writing a program into law seldom happens. While each candidate vows to be conscious of the surrounding environment, each program that gets released normally consists of some damage to the environment or, even worse, has harmful effects to the population. These are the items that are never mentioned. Http://American. Com/ archive/2008/November-11-08/why-biomasss-greener-Jojobas-plan-wont- work/ In 2011, for instance, President Barack Obama was fighting the sky rocketing unemployment rates in the United States. As an attempt to stick to the green agenda and tackle unemployment rates he launched a plan targeted to create Green Jobs. This involved creating more energy efficient production, environmental specialists, as well as tree and landscaping opportunities and much more that would require labor, therefore fulfilling a sizeable portion of the unemployed. The main issue of this was that there were not enough funds to delegate to projects that were seen as unnecessary. This created such a disruption and large debate among congress that most agreed that the foundation of Beams Green Jobs approach to the unemployment issue, since the very concept of Green Jobs is Just as bogus as the idea of a carbon footprint (Swenson, 2011). On the other end of the spectrum there are several political faces that are willing to stand up and say no to the Global Warming bandwagon. For example Senator James Invoke, the ranking member on the Senate Environmental and Public Works Committee, has spent the last eight years battling over climate change and predications of catastrophic events due to global warming are a hoax (Frill, 2010). This signifies a positive change in the political aspect, however it takes more than one person to make a change. In addition to the causes and effects of global climate changes, there is yet another section that largely gets brought up for debate: world population. Proponents of global warming warn that the global population is growing so rapidly that it soon will become unstable, which in turn will help lead to climate increases and ultimately the end of the world. Rest assured that that will not be happening anytime soon. According to Hanna Kiloton, Director of the Nuns Population Division, world population is on a path towards non-explosion. Woman on average are having far fewer children and high fertility rates only affect sixteen percent of the [global] population (Harvey, 2011). Http://teaching-]iambi. Bloodspot. Com/ Knowledge is the key to take precautions steps to prevent over populating the world Knowledge is power. This has been the main goal for the past few decades with gradual success. More women are gaining their independence and ability to make family planning choices. According to the United Nations, an increase in family planning meaner the worlds population is predicted to level off at around 9. Billion during the middle of this century, before beginning to decline (Harvey, 2011). With worldwide education on family planning, as well as growing availability of health are, population can soon be stabilized and has no chance of threatening our world. As of the end of October 2011, the global population is estimated to have reached seven billion people. On a global scale, every ten seconds, forty-four people are born (Harvey, 2011). At first glance that seems unbelievable, astonishing, or maybe even unreal. As Americans it is difficult for anything to go beyond our view of the norm or what we are taught as the American Dream consisting of a normal eight to five Job, single family home with the white-picket fence, married couple with precisely two hillier (one boy, one girl). It is challenging to imagine that anything close to a family of twenty could be normal to a family found in Africa or even something as exotic as women not having a choice in family planning yet alone birth control methods; simply put, they hardly even have knowledge of these bizarre issues. Now after learning about the global birth rates, which is the only thing the global warming advocates will publish, take into consideration the global mortality rates. To make the mortality rate easier to understand or have on the same scale as the birth ate, globally every ten seconds, roughly eighteen people die (Marshall, 2007). To simplify theses statistics or to make them easier to understand see the chart below. This shows that our population is not necessarily headed for self-destruction, in fact looking at the difference in birth and death rates, it keeps a positive balance. The ice caps of Antarctica have a long history of melting and refreezing, they are Just going through a mild melting phase, but still have new area freezing daily. The desired demise of carbon dioxide is an oxymoron, as it is a vital aspect of the oxygen cycle that actually keeps the world stay green, not destroying life. The Green Movement is great way for consumers to save some money on their energy bills, but there is certainly not a promise tot the world coming to an end it you do not buy enough energy efficient light bulbs or a Pries. In conclusion, real science has proven Global Warming to be the hoax of the twenty-first century. On a global level, there does need to be changes made, but these changes will improve the quality of life as a whole, not save our world from a political scare epidemic. History has proven the real facts behind the existing changes in our world, as well as the history of political hoax stories. No matter what year it is, there will always be a story that can change someones mind enough to rebel and that is how scare tactics began, to regain control. This essay serves as a way to show more than Just the skewed facts and statistics that are out there being published by greedy scientists. A final goal is to make readers more aware of the information that are fed to them, and in hopes to remind everyone to question what they hear before setting it as fact. In the end, as Paul Harvey always said: and now you know the rest of the story (Could, 2012).

My Mysterious Mentor free essay sample

â€Å"Elementary, my dear Cline.† I have imagined hearing those words spoken to me on countless occasions. Solving impossible mysteries has always been my dream job, and there isn’t a man more skilled in that field than the fictional Sherlock Holmes. His skills of deduction and observation were unmatched, and I needed to learn how he did it. Spending a year with this masterful investigator would teach me the intricacies of his genius mind—and how to emulate it. When I was younger much of my time was spent outside, magnifying glass in hand, observing every individual blade of grass. I wanted to see if I could figure out where my dog had treaded earlier that day by looking for bent grass. I never once figured it out, but I knew, even at that age that observation was the key to everything I wanted to be. Did you notice that footprint over there, Miss Cline? I could hear Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on My Mysterious Mentor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Holmes asking me. Truthfully, I hadn’t, but I would next time. When I grew older, around thirteen years old, my focus shifted from wanting to solve mysteries that concerned stolen objects, and other small-time crimes, to solving murders. I had discovered forensic science. My seventh grade science teacher, Mr. DePew was the first person to ever introduce this realm of science to me. One day we walked into the classroom and were assaulted by the bitter odor of onions. There was a group gathered in the far corner of the room, and on the floor was the taped outline of a body. A murder had occurred! Forensics was so fascinating. It was just like the fictional detective work that I had read or watched, but it felt more real. Detectives in fiction found the clues easily and always found the culprit, but that wasn’t how it worked in our class. We were given all the clues, and we had to figure out how they fit together, and what role they played in the murder. There wasn’t a single group in the class that solved the murder correctly. Yet after doing that simulated case, I was hooked. I knew I wanted to be a forensic scientist. After our murder case in Mr. DePew’s class, I went on a forensics spree. My favorite toy was a giant plastic green case that held all of the essential crime scene items. Fake blood that I could mix with chemicals to simulate real blood, a microscope, and my very favorite finger print powder. The small vial of black powder was spread all over my house, as I attempted to lift fingerprints from every surface possible. I would dust the windows and tables and find a fingerprint, and then I would lift it with a piece of tape and place it in a notebook. These rituals fueled my desires, and allowed me to feel like a member on CSI, finding the key piece of evidence to solve a dastardly crime. I always knew that in order to achieve my dream career, college would be necessary. However, forensic science isn’t usually offered as a course in most universities, as there are so many components that go along with it. There are specifics, including forensic pathology, which is concerned with autopsies, and forensic entomology, which has to do with bugs, but my interest is in the crime scene. After much searching I found out about Eastern Washington University. Unlike most colleges, EWU lists forensic science as one of their main courses. I knew then that Eastern was the university I wanted to attend. Be observant, for the little details are by far the most important, Miss Cline. Never forget that. The parting words of Mr. Holmes are ones that I will follow for the rest of my life. They ring true for my goals, and I will forever hone my skills of observation. At the end of the year, Mr. Holmes shook my hand and said, Case closed, Miss Cline. Case closed, indeed, Mr. Holmes.

Feminism Essays - Gender Studies, Gender, Womens Rights, Gender Role

Feminism Essays - Gender Studies, Gender, Womens Rights, Gender Role Feminism Of what historic and contemporary concern is it that the architecture profession has been, and continues to be, strongly male dominated in Australia (currently 90% of registered architects in NSW are men). Ideally, what proportion of the profession should women occupy and why? From the start of human history, we always experience certain level of inequality between sexes. It can be seen everywhere around the world and is a concern to everyone, both men and women. This inequality is an important issue within the workforce of many professions, such as being an architect, landscape architect, city planners and designers within the built environment. Industrial revolution is the onset for women to become segregated from home, creating greater spatial division to impact on gender roles. There is common concept between the relationship of public and private space with male and female as described by Kate Lyons, PUBLIC Male Economic and Political WORK PRIVATE Female Reproduction and Domestic life HOME This model represents the suburbanisation occurring in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. Many suburban women are forced within their daily activities due to the constraints on accessibility and mobility in low-density suburbs and lead to a feeling of being isolated from the inner city. These constraints of this gender role affect the women's ability in the broader professions within the built environment, as they were restricted at home. Architects do not like to employ women in their offices; contractors do not like to build from their plans; people with money to spend do not like to entrust its expenditure to a woman. This is probably due to the fact that women are kept at home without 'knowing much' of the 'outside world'; the design professions have intrigued women into marginal roles. Architects and other similar professional fields have perceived women not as profession but as passive clients. From these, women are users of the designed built environment as there are only few to have the opportunity to design them. This forces women to adapt to the way environments have been designed (by men). There is a concern where many women architects, landscape architects, planners, builders and designers such as Catharine Beecher, Louise Bethune. Eileen Gray, Julia Morgan, and others are not formally identified with professions. Many of their works have been credited to their male colleagues. Another concern is that there is a lack of sensitivity towards women's needs within the built environment. Design strategies and schemes often fail to consider women as a disadvantage group with exclusive needs, many of these needs are inadequately met or even un-met. This was evident in several Local Environmental Plans and Development Control Plans of the Sydney Metropolitan area that had not identified women as a disadvantage group to be included amongst the handicapped and elderly in design issue. Having considered women's issues within the built environment, in concluding one must ask are the fundamentals of professions of the built environment gender biased? Whilst the outcomes of these are gender biased, the fundamentals of planning require subsequent analysis in order to resolve the question. not only do men and women view a common world from different perspectives, they view different worlds as well. The issues raised are not subject to strictly to women, but men also experience them though with less intensity. In addressing these issues a gender sensitive environment will be beneficial to all. Bibliography 1. Allen, J., Evidence and Silence: Feminism and the Limits of History in Feminist Challenges, 1986. 2. Freestone, R., Florence Taylor: The Lady Town Planner of Loftus Street in New Planner, Dec 1991. 3. Hanna, B., Florence Taylor's Hats in Architecture Bulletin, Oct 1986. 4. Hanna, B., Three Ferminist Analyses of the Built Environment in Architectural Theory Review, vol. 1, no.1, April 1996.

International Business Academic Career Major Plan Research Paper

International Business Academic Career Major Plan - Research Paper Example I strive to be a positive moral example to my friends and family. I serve as a source of advice, strength, and experience to the people around me. Am an ethical compass with which guides me in my ambitions and professional life. I try to be a guide for people close to me to live a simple and less material life focusing on the balance of all things (Villmow 2014) By participating in community outreach programs, I have had an opportunity to demonstrate that I wish well for humankind. Helping people voluntarily in orphanage homes and hospitals has reaffirmed that given the needed resources; I can do all that is possible to positively change the society. I have severally over my long vacations and my interaction with students has proved my ability in the teaching profession. By being delegated high-level duties in my working environment, I will prove what is in me, that is yet to be utilized. Teaching high-grade classes will mold all the skills and abilities to give my best to the students and the whole community. Ever since I was a young child, my interests have been in helping people, especially young people in succeeding in their duties. This has helped me stick to my career choice by knowing that no other career fits me bests as teaching and helping people achieve their dreams. Looking back at the challenges I had while growing up and studying, I want to see no one else undergo the same. I will support the young people in their research so that the world can get the doctors, engineers, and teachers it lacks. I will further my education by taking another course at the master’s level and attend training and seminars that will strengthen my abilities. I will be good to others and associate with them well, be it, my family or workmates.  

Solidarity and Soviet Declaration of Martial Law in Poland Essay

Solidarity and Soviet Declaration of Martial Law in Poland - Essay Example Terrorists are freedom fighters, repressive governments become saviours, and right becomes wrong in the semantic battle. The implementation of martial law in Poland was a move made by the government to preempt a strike by the independent trade union Solidarity, a strike which would cripple many facets of life in the country and effectively tip the balance of power in the favour of the trade union and other anti- governmental organizations. The basic facts as given above were subjected to vastly opposing interpretations by the Soviet Union and America. While the Americans upheld the right of the trade union workers to rebel against an oppressive and incompetent government, the Soviets condemned the â€Å"subversive† and anti- Polish activities of the group. The Americans look at the struggle as a freedom fight, as a heroic struggle against the unjust. This is immediately evident from the tone of the articles written in the New York Times. Drew Middleton’s article1for example justifies Solidarity’s strikes and bid for power by comparing the events of the time to the history of Poland’s struggle against Russia. He follows the story of Polish insurrections against Czarist rule, emphasizing the brutality of their control over the Poles, using phrases like â€Å"†¦.when he crushed the Polish insurrection of 1830†¦Ã¢â‚¬  when describing the Czar Nicholas the First’s reign. He goes on to impress upon the reader the terrible nature of Russian governance – He builds up a picture of the subjugation of Poland by Russia in the 19th century, from an analysts point of view, implying the parallel with current (i.e. 1981-82) Communist governance. He clearly sees the Polish Solidarity workers as heroes and valiant fighters against injustice; phrases like â€Å"as regularly as the tides, Polish resistance to Russian domination has been reborn and has flourished† clearly point to his comparison between Imperial Russia and

The Discovery of White Collar Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Discovery of White Collar Crime - Essay Example â€Å"White collar crime tends to refer to crimes committed at a business by a businessman or woman†, (Conjecture Corporation, 2011). Sutherland, in his December 27, 1939 speech, asserted the fact that when people are surrounding by individuals who have criminal behavior, they are more likely to get involved in criminal activities. This called for the justice system to pose punishments upon these white collar criminals; however, these punishments will be mush lenient from those given to violent criminals because white collar criminals are not actually aggressive criminals who commit crime in series. Schlegel and Weisburd (1994, p.4) state that when Sutherland brought forward the concept, he was himself very much confused about the idea because he used words like â€Å"respectability, high social status, and occupation†, in his definition. ... ed either through computer or through paper, is often committed by people belonging to the middle class or the upper class because people get influenced by their origins. And since they belong to high social status, the crime may go undetected and if at all detected, then the criminals are able to hire expensive lawyers to defend their cases and they are also kept in prisons that have minimum security measures. Thus, they enjoy freedom even in their prisons. Why a white collar crime is considered as less punishable than violent crimes is still questionable because many white collar crimes tend to be more harmful to the people. If a white collar criminal steals all the funds that included people’s savings of their lives, then the victims are made to lose everything if the money is not recovered. But they are still punished less and are given many concessions as compared to other criminals because they belong to a higher socio-economic status. According to FBI, â€Å"White-coll ar crimes cost the United States more than $300 billion annually† (Karri & Associates, 2006). The concept of white collar crimes changes the way criminologists studied crime. Before this phenomenon, they looked at crime as an activity which can only be performed by street muggers and people belonging to lower social class. But after this concept was introduced, the rich and the poor, all were considered equal in the case of criminal activities. Thus, Sutherland was able to bring the powerful people at an equal status with the poor in the eyes of the Court of Justice and made sure that the rich people do not escape punishment due to their powerful political connections and strong financial position. Sutherland and His Contributions Sutherland pondered upon the concept when he took his sociological

Government responsibility towards the Moari

Government responsibility towards the Moari Task 1 The government has been able to understand the social policy responsibilities that it has towards Maori  with respect to Article 3. By giving citizenship privileges to Maori, Article 3 forbids prejudice and needs the Government to be pro-active in decreasing social and financial differences between Maori  and the non-Maori. This does not mean that Maori  have continued the social policies what are proposed by the government, but arguments have not been essentially focused on matters with regard to Treaty interpretation. The primary Treaty arguments in the area of social policy gradually relate to the explanation and implementation of Article 2. Petitions by Maori  in this area are for superior sovereignty or tinorangatiratanga. Such petitions are founded on Article 2. The Government has not acknowledged the usefulness of Article 2 in the field of social strategy and Maori  claims for sovereignty have been refuted. However, it is necessary to analyse the implementation of Article 2 to social policy by laying emphasis on two fields of social policy, namely the health segment along with the Department of Social Welfares Iwi Social Services procedure. It is evident that the Governments attitude to Treaty matters in the social policy field is presently vague and erratic. This might appear to be perplexing, not merely to Maori, but even to workforces of Government organisations that work in the region. Such a situation involves a great deal of danger for the Government, owing to the fact that where the Government does not take a distinct initiative, it might find the steps being initiated by the courts or even by the Waitangi Tribunal. The Government would have to decide between ignoring the concerns or choosing a pre-emptive position, after discussing freely with Maori  concerning their hopes for social services policy progress. -Partnership: Social service organisations must ensure that the needs of Maori are taken into account when interacting with Maori or when creating policy that could affect Maori. -Protection: Social service organisations must keep resident’s information confidentially. -Participation: Maori can access and participate in all social services. -Permission: Maori can be permitted to participate in their cultural and traditional activities. Task 2 1) Aotearoa New Zealand Society Aotearoa New Zealand is composed of various ethnicities. All social services must be constructed accessible to all ethnicities. Social workers have to understand and respect multicultural needs when working. 2) Te Tiriti o Waitangi Social service providers and social workers must be well-acquainted with the four principles in Te Tiriti. 3) Te Reo, Tikanga, and development of Iwi and MÄ ori Social work practice must be provided MÄ ori following their customs, values, and the rights under Te Tiriti. 4) Gender and sexuality Gender or Sexual discrimination is not permitted by The Human Rights Act. Social work practice must be provided without prejudice or bias. 5) Human development process through the life span Human development may cause changes. Social workers have to consider the culture to understand the changes. 6) Social Policy in New Zealand Social policy can be impacted and changed by the government. Social work practice has to follow the changed policy. 7) Aotearoa New Zealand social services New Zealand social services accept and respect multi culture. 8) Organisation and management in the social services Organisation and management in the social services have a wide level. 9) Research methodology in the social services Research methodology in the social services should reflect variable needs of people when performed. 10) Users of the social services Social service providers have responsibility to inform clients of their rights. 11) Law and social work There are lawful duties that enact the social work practice. Legal procedures provide guidelines for the client to be safe. 12) Personal development Social work practice plays important roles in improving social worker’s development. 13) Social work ethics Social work ethics impact on the social work practice to be professional. 14) Models of practice, including Iwi and Maori models of practice Maori health model are based on Te Whare Tapa Wha (four cornerstones of Maori health). 15) Working with particular client groups Social work practice must be appropriate to any particular client according to their own needs without prejudice or bias. 16) Cross cultural practice Cross cultural practice identify which factors are prohibited to the clients by their culture when providing services. 17) Current issues in social work practice Social workers need to be well informed of recent information and issues regarding social work practice. Task 3 The first situation involved working with the socially exploited women of the Maori community, many of whom were victims of domestic violence. Dealing with this particular situation required the employment of the Social Learning Theory of social work. This theory is based on Albert Bandura’s viewpoint, according to which learning takes place through reflection and imitation. Different behaviour will linger if it is reinforced. In accordance with this theory, instead of merely listening to a new instructions or guidance and using it, the guiding process would be made increasingly beneficial if the new actions are demonstrated as well. In the case of dealing with socially exploited women from the Maori community, the integration of this theory involved working alongside women who have been able to recover from the trauma and violence that were subject to. This can be supplemented with the provision of real-life accounts of the lives of women who have been able to get back to lif e after experiencing such exploitation. The victims would then be able to relate to their situation in a better manner, thus bringing about more effective results, within a comparatively shorter time period. (Orange, 2011) The next situation was the case of working for the benefit of those residents who suffer from psychosocial developmental issues. This involved the integration of the Psychosocial Development Theory, which is an eight-level theory of individuality and psychosocial development expressed by Erik Erikson. Erikson was of the belief that everyone needs to pass through eight phases of growth all through their life cycle, namely hope, will, purpose, competence, fidelity, love, care, and wisdom. Every stage is then split up into age groups from early stages to older grown-ups. People who have been subject to any kind of social oppression and exploitation would need to be treated in a specific manner by the social services workers, so as to help them overcome those hurdles and emerge free from such drawbacks. In the execution of the duties that were necessary in both these fieldwork cases, there were a number of core values that guided the entire procedure. These included service, social integrity, self-respect and worth of the individual, value of human relations, honour, and capability. The needs of the individuals being treated were, and continue to be, of utmost importance all through the procedure that involves guiding and inspiring them to gather the necessary courage to soar above their situations and emerge victorious. It is also important to ensure that the dignity and respect of the victim be upheld at all times, so as to ensure them that they have a chance to regain their hold over their lives and live it to the fullest, accomplishing the aims and ambition that they have been cherishing. These core values are reflective of the essence of this social work service that ensures compliance with the latest policies and policies that pertain to this field of work. Task 4 First Instance: This instance involved a client named C, who was 25 years old. She and her husband were supposedly having frequent arguments owing to his drinking habits. Unable to cope with his alcohol abuse and often violent and abusive behavior, C began to show signs of depression. It was at this point that she sought help with us. The Crisis Intervention Model was applied here, wherein C provided me with all the relevant details pertaining to her situation and the way things used to be before she started showing signs of depression. I had to be sensitive to the delicate aspects of this situation, which required me to make apt use of the core values of self-respect and worth of an individual. I also had to ensure that her dignity was upheld all through my sessions with her. Dealing with C required me to gain her trust by engaging in informal conversations with her, after which I had to present her with practical ways of coping with the stress of her relationship, while seeking way s to counsel her husband on his drinking problems. C has been receiving help and guidance for the past four months. Second Instance: This instance involved a 16-year-old boy named K, who was involved with drugs and alcohol since the age of 14. The boy had been abandoned by his parents, who were also drug-abusers and alcoholics, after which he maintained no contact with him and lived with his friends. K has been using a number of drugs, and has recently started using crack. He has been using inhalants since he was 13 years of age and has been consuming alcohol in considerable amounts on a regular basis. However, he recently felt the need to seek help for his condition, due to which he decided to seek help from our social services centre. The Rational Choice Theory was then used to deal with his situation, wherein every action taken by an individual is viewed as rational, which requires the decision to be made after the calculation of the risks and benefits involved with it. This kept his dignity and self-respect in mind and ensured that my actions did not demean him in any way. K then needed to be guided in his choices and counselled regarding the consequences of his lifestyle choices. K has been receiving guidance and counselling for the past six months. Apart from these two long-term instances of relationships with clients, there have been a number of similar situations, most of which have involved women who have been subject to domestic abuse, and children who are dealing with alcohol-abuse, drug-abuse, and abusive parents. Several instances of children suffering from trauma, owing to traumatic childhood experiences have also been handled. Such instances required the team to ensure that the dignity of the client is maintained, irrespective of what their background might be. Task 5 My experiences thus far have brought about considerable changes in several aspects of my life. The first change would be that of understanding the essence of social service is the core values that it strives to uphold at all times. Irrespective of the situation that the client is going through, the primary task of the social worker is to ensure that the dignity and respect of that client is reinstated at every step. The next effect that the new learning had on me was that of helping me to gain a deeper understanding of the diversity of human issues, each of which have to be handled in a precise, systematic manner. (TeKaiÄ whinaAhumahi, 2000) These experiences will be of immense help to me in my future social work practice as they have given me the much needed exposure to the wide range of situations that social workers have to deal with on a daily basis. Since my practice has essentially been with cases of women and children, it would be of benefit to me in dealing with such cases in my future practice. As a social worker who is skilled to work alongside Maori, I needed to gain a sound understanding of both the governmental and individual significance of Rangatiratanga to Maori consumers in the 21st century and the community accountability linked to it. My practice has helped me understand that a MÄ ori viewpoint takes into consideration that any client communication is mindful of whanau, hapu, iwi. Attitude is an important aspect that I needed to develop. This is in relation to the applicant’s skills to recognise consciousness of their own limits (cultural prejudices, lack of information and comprehension) and to cultivate honesty to cultural multiplicity and a readiness to study from the rest. It required an established pledge to the continuing progress of an individual’s cultural consciousness and procedures along with those of co-workers. (Durie et al, 2012) Skills are another necessary aspect that I had gained along the way, which involved the incorporation of understanding and approaches necessary to allow workers to relate bi-culturally, guide clients to match up their own aims and desires, and to guide social workers to get rid of all kinds of discrimination. Ability to engage in social work with Maori  groups thus necessitates that the social worker: takes part in culturally appropriate manners in an inclusive way; expresses how the broader perspective of Aotearoa New Zealand both traditionally and presently can influence practice content, presents useful sustenance to Tangata Whenua for their endeavours, possesses an understanding of the Treaty of Waitangi, Te Reo and tikanga, and endorses Mana Whenua and benefits in their zone. All in all, the experience gained by me thus far in my experience will be beneficial to me in gaining competence in the future. (O’DonoghueTsui, 2012) Sungkuk Hong 13020801

Payouts to smokers who are ill :: essays research papers

Are payouts to those made ill by smoking justified? Over recent years research has clearly demonstrated the harms of smoking, both in terms of reduced quality of life and death. We are now able to gauge more accurately the real health impacts of direct tobacco use and environmental tobacco smoke. Of all drugs, both legal and illegal, smoking is the biggest killer. The social and economic cost of tobacco use in Victoria is more than $3 billion per year and more than two thirds the total cost of all drugs. Thirteen Victorians die every day from causes associated with cigarette smoking. Good morning/afternoon Mrs Birt and class, On Thursday the 11th of April the Supreme court of Victoria awarded Melbourne grandmother Rolah Ann McCabe $700,000 in damages after she sued one of the world's leading tobacco companies. The Victorian Supreme Court found that Australia's biggest tobacco company destroyed thousands of internal documents to deliberately subvert court processes and to deny Melbourne lung cancer patient Rolah McCabe a fair trial. Standing on the steps of the Supreme Court after her victory over British American Tobacco, Rolah McCabe pleaded with teenagers and especially girls not to smoke. Mrs McCabe is the first Australian smoker to successfully sue an international tobacco company and recently announced a donation of $70,000 to the Cancer Council of Victoria. The question raised by this is issue is are payouts to those made ill by smoking justified? Many non-smokers would say that everyone has the choice whether to smoke or not and that it is a voluntary action to smoke. But the nicotine in cigarettes is just like any other drug and can be as hard to quit has heroin. To understand whether or not people like Rolah McCabe deserve compensation from Tobacco companies, people who make opinions on this issue must be informed of the relevant information about the tobacco industry and each individual persons history. Mrs McCabe was born in Gippsland and started smoking the Capstan brand of cigarettes in 1962 at the age of 12, according to her statement of claim. Within four years she was smoking between 20 and 30 cigarettes a day. She then changed to the Escort brand in 1966 and smoked until 1992. At this stage in time anti smoking legislation had not been implemented by the Australian government as the dangers and health risks of smoking were not known. In a time of ignorance Tobacco products such as cigarettes were legally advertised on T. Payouts to smokers who are ill :: essays research papers Are payouts to those made ill by smoking justified? Over recent years research has clearly demonstrated the harms of smoking, both in terms of reduced quality of life and death. We are now able to gauge more accurately the real health impacts of direct tobacco use and environmental tobacco smoke. Of all drugs, both legal and illegal, smoking is the biggest killer. The social and economic cost of tobacco use in Victoria is more than $3 billion per year and more than two thirds the total cost of all drugs. Thirteen Victorians die every day from causes associated with cigarette smoking. Good morning/afternoon Mrs Birt and class, On Thursday the 11th of April the Supreme court of Victoria awarded Melbourne grandmother Rolah Ann McCabe $700,000 in damages after she sued one of the world's leading tobacco companies. The Victorian Supreme Court found that Australia's biggest tobacco company destroyed thousands of internal documents to deliberately subvert court processes and to deny Melbourne lung cancer patient Rolah McCabe a fair trial. Standing on the steps of the Supreme Court after her victory over British American Tobacco, Rolah McCabe pleaded with teenagers and especially girls not to smoke. Mrs McCabe is the first Australian smoker to successfully sue an international tobacco company and recently announced a donation of $70,000 to the Cancer Council of Victoria. The question raised by this is issue is are payouts to those made ill by smoking justified? Many non-smokers would say that everyone has the choice whether to smoke or not and that it is a voluntary action to smoke. But the nicotine in cigarettes is just like any other drug and can be as hard to quit has heroin. To understand whether or not people like Rolah McCabe deserve compensation from Tobacco companies, people who make opinions on this issue must be informed of the relevant information about the tobacco industry and each individual persons history. Mrs McCabe was born in Gippsland and started smoking the Capstan brand of cigarettes in 1962 at the age of 12, according to her statement of claim. Within four years she was smoking between 20 and 30 cigarettes a day. She then changed to the Escort brand in 1966 and smoked until 1992. At this stage in time anti smoking legislation had not been implemented by the Australian government as the dangers and health risks of smoking were not known. In a time of ignorance Tobacco products such as cigarettes were legally advertised on T.

Design of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems Essay

Storage Tanks are the tanks in which flammable and combustible liquids are stored. The storage tanks should be constructed of steel in case they are constructed above grounds. The non-combustible substance can be used for the construction if it is used to store a combustible liquid. The material used for the construction must be that helps the tank to be protected against the fire. In one of the storage tank fires broke out at the island of Palau Merimau, Singapore and the fire started catching tankage containing petroleum, motor gasoline and diesel product. Despite the size of fire and adverse logistics, fire fighting efforts were successful in controlling the fire. This require operational and design engineering considerations, proper fire fighting strategy, prefire and emergency response plans, fire water management and fixed/semifixed system. A permanent water supply, of sufficient volume, duration, pressure, required to properly operate the fire fighting equipment shall be made available as soon as combustible materials accumulate and in the same way underground waters are to be provided, installed and made available for use as early as possible at the place of fire. In case were fixed water protection system is not installed with the tank with flammable or combustible liquids the floating roof to cover on liquid which helps to protect the fire to be broke out. Most fires in this design of tank burn only at the seal and are usually easily extinguished. Tanks with floating roofs are not likely to be involved in serious fires. This is because there is far less liquid surface is exposed to the fire. When storage tanks are not equipped with fixed fire protection then it must contain a stable liquid storage at a pressure 17kPa (gauge). The tanks containing flammable liquids should be normally kept closed for protection of unless the tank is venting. Where drainage facilities are provided to drain water from dike areas, efforts should be made to prevent flammable liquids from entering into any natural resources as it constitute fire hazard. REFERENCE Referred to sites:1. http://www. ofm. gov. on. ca/english/Publications/Guidelines/part4/4commen5. asp SECTION 4. 3 TANK STORAGE Subsection 4. 3. 1. – Design, Construction and Use of Storage Tanks 2. http://www. osha. gov/doc/outreachtraining/htmlfiles/subpartf. html Fire Protection and Prevention DEFINITIONS APPLICABLE TO THIS SUBPART – Â §1926. 155 3. http://www. ofm. gov. on. ca/english/Publications/Guidelines/part4/4commen5. asp SECTION 4. 3 TANK STORAGE Dated 4th August 2007

Why Did America Withdraw Its Forces

By 1973, after a decade of brutal armed contact and with nearly 60,000 Americans dead, the once proud and mighty USA had been brought to its knees. Feeling isolated the USA decided to abandon its commitment in Vietnam after rising pressure from years of mistakes. America withdrew from Vietnam due to several main reasons; some were long-term e.g. Protests of the American citizens, and others were short-term factors e.g. Morale of American soldiers. In this essay I will discuss the main factors for American withdrawal from Vietnam and try to process the most important ones. I will show how the US media combined with protests in the USA was the most important reason for American withdrawal and ultimately led to the American withdrawal from Vietnam. America’s first mistake regarding the war was the most fundamental. Their tactics. All of America’s tactics were inappropriate, brutal and they were only looking for fast solutions and never the bigger picture. America did the worst thing possible in a war and based all of their tactics on assumptions, which by matter of coincidence were all wrong. The first indication of American tactics being reckless and inappropriate was the infamous â€Å"Operation Rolling Thunder† ordered by LBJ and subjected the Ho Chi Minh Trail and other suspected communist bases in South Vietnam to bombing for 8 weeks. 3  ½ years later more bombs had been dropped on South Vietnam than all the bombs that were dropped in the Second World War, the Ho Chi Minh Trail was still intact and the most casualties inflicted were those on Vietnamese civilians leading America to lose the â€Å"Hearts and Minds† of the Vietnamese. After the very first battle of Vietnam, set in The Ia Drang valley, America set a pattern for their tactics which would remain for the rest of the war; tactics which would question the very competence of the American government. General Westmoreland was convinced that if the communists maintained heavy losses they could not and would not continue the war, and also that the American people would accept the American losses if it meant the communists could be defeated. This lead to America measuring their success in the war by using kill to death ratios. In other words, if communists were losing more soldiers than America, then America was winning, and vice versa. General Westmoreland continued to believe that a use of superior firepower over the communists would lead to victory in any battle combined with the usage of search and destroy missions (for lack of a better word, wandering aimlessly into communist territory and expecting to surprise them). In light of the above it’s not surprising that whilst American tactics were failing, the communist’s guerrilla tactics yielded success over the Americans. After the first battle in The Ia Drang Valley the Vietcong knew they could not win large battles with the US as they had backing artillery and air support. They instead opted to do ‘Hit & Run’ guerrilla raids on unsuspecting American troops during search and destroy missions. This would mean much fewer casualties and also having the element of surprise over the Americans. If they were forced into a large battle the Vietcong would try to stay close to the enemy to stop the Americans from calling artillery and air support (they wouldn’t want to hit their own troops of course). Over 51% of Americans killed in the war were killed by small arms i.e. pistols, machine guns, basic military equipment. The communists never tried to think they could go face to face with the full might of the American army and so devised guerrilla tactics to fight a war the Americans were unfamiliar with and were reluctant to fight. Whilst America was always on the lookout for NVA troops to have a large battle they assumed that the less trained Vietcong guerrilla fighters would be of little threat and left them to the ARVN. Whilst the Americans hopelessly looked for the NVA, the Vietcong would watch on and when they least expected would raid the Americans, and before US troops could call for back-up the Vietcong would be gone with miner losses and the Americans in severe distress. The Vietcong were not only dependent on ‘Hit & Run’ operations but also used booby traps and mines. Booby traps were simple and easy to make and would mainly consist of a trip wire and some sharpened bamboo sticks. Mines were more sophisticated but had the same idea. ‘Bouncing betty’ mines would be triggered when a soldier stepped on them, fly up a metre in front of the man walking behind and go off (they were designed to reach the height of a man’s genitals). Over 11% of men killed in the war were caused by booby traps and mines and left the survivors frustrated that no enemy was seen, no one to shoot at. Guerrilla war success was due to Americas stubbornness over its tactics, reluctant to believe that such simple ways of fighting could defeat all the fire power in the US army, and also how the communists always learnt a lesson from their mistakes until they had a strategy for defeating Americans in combat, and seeing as America didn’t want to think it made a mistake in the first place it’s tactics stuck and a pattern was set for the rest of the war. American soldiers were left frustrated that they could never get a good full on fight with the communists like they were trained for, and with no one else to express their anger on they turned on the civilians. This leads onto my next point that through America’s brutal tactics they inadvertently lost the support of Vietnamese civilians. The Americans knew from an early stage that winning the support of the South Vietnamese peasants was a vital key to the war ( the policy was called winning the â€Å"Hearts & Minds† of the people) but unlike the Vietcong the USA didn’t know how to do it and the South Vietnamese government didn’t want to do it. The main issue was land reform and the Vietcong made sure to take land from the rich landowners and give it to the poor peasants, a decision the South Vietnamese government were unwilling to make. Happy with the communist’s ideas peasants would give food, weapons and intelligence to the Vietcong as well as housing them, making it almost impossible for American soldiers to distinguish between friend and foe. Soldiers were angry they were fighting an enemy that could not be seen and would mercilessly kill them in surprise attacks, and so felt they had no choice but to eliminate all threats from nearby-by villages, always suspecting anyone could be a Vietcong and believing it was better to be safe than sorry. â€Å"Zippo raids† were frequently carried out on villages (which mostly weren’t collaborating with the Vietcong) where soldiers would destroy all supplies in the village including animals and then execute suspected communists. Defoliants would be sprayed on all the food and surrounding forest area so Vietcong wouldn’t be able to find supplies or hide (with the most used defoliant called Agent Orange, which was known to cause cancer, and would be washed into the streams by rain and drunk by soldiers on both sides). Although soldiers were directly told not to harm civilians, most peasants couldn’t be distinguished between innocent and guilty as the Vietcong wore civilian clothes. Soldiers would kill the civilians from anger and mistrust over months of low morale and failure (which would lead onto massacres like My Lai). Innocent civilians would be mutilated, raped or killed without a trial, and when the GI’s would leave only resentment and a lust for revenge would be left behind ironically turning most anti-communist civilians into communists themselves. An account from one GI after completing a raid was â€Å"if they weren't pro- Vietcong before we got there, they sure as hell were by the time we left†. Frustrated with their failure to break the support of the peasants for the Vietcong, America initiated the â€Å"Strategic Hamlet† operation in 1962 where peasants were moved away from areas where the NLF was strong and into guarded hamlets, kilometres away from their homes. The operation was a complete failure. In many cases the NLF would already have supporters inside the villages and all that would have been done is moving communist supporters to a new area to spread their ideas. Those villagers who weren’t already in the NLF often would become supporters because of the way they were treated. GI soldiers were always told to see their enemy as subhuman and before long they would treat civilians as they treated the enemy. In the jungle GI’s couldn’t trust anyone who was not an American, as they had learned from past experiences, and weren’t prepared to spare the life of a peasant who could possibly be conspiring to kill them in a moment without mercy. American soldiers started wondering why they were fighting for a group of civilians that just wanted them dead anyway, and without a just cause many of the soldiers lost belief in the war. The argument that will be put forward here is that combined with the realisation that guerrilla warfare tactics dominated over US tactics and the understanding that they were surrounded by enemies, all alone in a country whose citizens didn’t want their help, US soldiers lost sight of the point of their occupation. The soldier questioned why he should fight and risk his life for someone who just wanted to kill him. Over time the average US soldier lost faith in his mission and morale dropped to new lows. Without the morale of the soldiers, fighting an already superior enemy was hopeless. At the beginning morale wasn’t an issue at all. All the soldiers in the army were career soldiers who believed in whatever cause the US government believed in, but after time more and more of them died, leaving only drafted soldiers who didn’t want to be there nor fight for a cause. A one year tour of duty was thought to keep morale high, but unfortunately this tactic was also a horrible failure. A constant supply of replacements was needed for men who had either died or finished their tour of duty and those who were close to the end of their tour of duty (being ‘short’) were desperate to avoid combat or risks, making them less effective. Replacements or ‘cherries’ as they were nicknamed, were inexperienced and would be put into squads with more seasoned veterans of war, whom would not except the cherries until they had proven themselves in combat. Platoons would be divided in two causing a breakdown in communication between the soldiers, making the unit less effective. ‘Fragging’ also became a major problem in platoons. Relationships between conscripted soldiers and officers would usually be strained. Many officers were career soldiers looking for promotion and so needed a high body count of enemy kills, whereas most GI’s who were conscripted just wanted to stay alive until their DEROS (Date Eligible for Return from Overseas). Hostility towards the officers sometimes led to their men killing them and 3% of all officers who were killed in Vietnam were killed by their own men. During 1970-1971 there were over 700 cases of Fragging alone. Another case of low morale among the GI’s was drug-taking, which further diminished the effectiveness of the US forces in Vietnam. Marijuana was the most popular drug among GI’s in ‘R & R’ (rest and recreation), but cocaine, heroin and amphetamines were also used to get ‘High’. In 1971, 5000 men were treated in hospital for combat wounds and 20,000 were treated for drug abuse. The fact that more troops were treated for drug abuse than combat wounds as well as sometimes Fragging their officers is definitive proof of low morale. More important reasons for low morale occurred during the war also. All soldiers need to know that the cause they are fighting for is a good one as well as knowing that the people back home support them and the cause. If they think that the war isn’t a good one or that the people back home are opposing them then they quickly lose faith in their duty. Between 1966 and 1973 there were 503,000 cases of desertion in the US army in Vietnam (Note – The figures include ‘Draft Dodgers’ and people who deserted multiple times). The truth is drafted soldiers no longer wanted to fight when they were despised by everyone, even their own people at home, and they couldn’t find any good reason left to stay in Vietnam unlike the North Vietnamese who were fighting for their homeland. All the soldiers were broken men and how could the US imagine winning a war if their own troops weren't willing to fight anymore. All of this helps to explain that the war was not just lost for military reasons alone, and that politics played a large part too. At the start of the war the media and people believed the war was the right course of action but as time passed people started questioning the purpose of it all. People began to realize that America wasn’t really at threat from communism and the war wasn't worth the lives of thousands of young soldiers. In 1966 the North Vietnamese finally let a reporter from the New York Times visit north Vietnam. He reported on the destruction of civilian areas and casualties caused by American bombing raids. The US army always denied bombing civilian areas or if there were civilian casualties, they claimed, there weren’t many of them. The reporters’ views widened still the ‘Credibility Gap’ and US citizens began distrusting what the American military was telling them. After the Tet offensive in 1968 the American people were outraged that the North Vietnamese so easily infiltrated South Vietnam with such numbers. For years they had been told that they were on the verge of winning the war but now they seemed further away than ever. Media coverage also helped to portray horrors committed by the American troops towards civilians such as My Lai. The American people were appalled with what they saw and began wondering who the bad guy really was, asking how they could support their own men when they were killing innocent women and children. The war was costing US citizens $20 billion dollars a year which meant that taxes would rise dramatically and LBJ would have to cancel his ‘Great Society’ programme of reform. This was obviously not a popular decision with the Public. President Johnson decided not to stand for re-election in 1968 knowing the war would cost him any chance he had of winning. What finally sparked off the entire nation was when the new president, Nixon ordered the initiation of ‘Operation Menu’. The order included the invasion & bombing of communist bases in neutral Cambodia and Laos. This only appeared as another act of war and a chance of another ‘Vietnam’, which greatly angered the American public. Protests sprang up in universities across the country at the escalation in their country’s role. In one of these protests 4 students were shot and killed by the National Guard at Kent University in Ohio. This Sparked off a further 400 protests in other universities. Other huge protest marches took place in 1969, 1970 and 1971 under the Anti-war movement, and in April 1971 as many as 500,000 people protested in Washington. Two weeks later another demonstration in favour of the war was launched. Only 15,000 took part. It was clear now that the people had spoken and with no other options Nixon began his process of vietnamisation. So after 10 years of hard gruelling war America finally left Vietnam in 1973, accomplishing nothing and leaving behind a corrupt government which would inevitably fall into communist hands. Because of the media it was the first television war and clearly had an effect on their success, lowering the confidence of GI’s and American people in the war. With taxes rising from costs of the war and not knowing if they could trust their own government anymore, the anti-war movement raged in America sparking riots and protests all across the country. The Vietnam War was a huge blow for American foreign policies, showing that communism was a force to be reckoned with if it could beat America. The policy of containment had failed and America’s domino theory was a flop, as the world hadn’t succumbed to communism as America had feared (apart from Laos). A complex chain of cause and effect lead to the dramatic events of 1973, events which still cast a shadow over American policy today.

Green Revolution Essays

Green Revolution Essays Green Revolution Essay Green Revolution Essay Green revolution within reach People need energy all the time. Not only electricity Is In great demand to make houses and other building operate but we need fossil fuels to use wide range of transportation. According to estimates, nonrenewable sources will run out in the foreseeable future. Scientists predict that we will be able to exploit coal for about two hundred and twenty years, natural gas about sixty years and oil will run out in forty years . They also suggest the shift from fossil-fuel-consuming civilization towards the green global community who will create a symbolic relation with nature. In practice, this means seeking alternative sources of energy that come from gifts of nature. And when you analyses the latest European union law regulation about increasing usage of alternative energy 2, or read about newest scientific experiments with hydrogen cars and energy-efficient houses you will be convince the process of becoming green has already begun. Although there are some fears and doubts In this new social movement, the benefits far outweigh and give a new chance for mankind not to act against but coexist with the beauty of nature. As a priority, alternative sources of energy as opposed to fossil fuels are clean energy. They do not cause emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Not releasing any carbon dioxide they do not contribute to the process of global warming as the popular and widespread fossil fuels do. : Besides, they can be widely used for producing and generating electricity. When you consider the share of sources In producing electricity In the world, due to BP Statistical Yearbook 2004, you will notice the huge share of fossil fuels (67%1 nuclear energy(16%) In comparison to 7% coming from hydroelectric dams(16%) and wind energy Hopefully, the world governments act for green solution and advertise clean energy giving incentives for maintaining it. Analyzing the newest European union law regulation concerning energy policy you read about plans imposed on all Its members to generate electricity from wind, sun and water In order to Increase the usage of alternative energy sources up to 20% In total European energy production with the time deadline to 2020. In Norway, for example, scientists having been working since 60-ices of last century have tried to use gig and low tides of oceans to generate cheap energy. Only one obstacle has ceased and delayed these experiments so far, an appropriate material which could resist salt sea water. Fortunately the newest technology have brought new solutions and scientists were able to create huge water turbines with special protecting Installation covered with specially designed paints that can operate without any additional maintenance. Only in 2004 Norway activated about 19 turbines of such type which can supply energy for 1 600 houses. Although the process of constructing ocean turbines still remains a secret, lots of other countries follow the ideas and test similar ones with the support of government financial programmer. Although nonrenewable sources boast with wide range of them from solar energy, wind, geothermal, tide energy or hydroelectric energy, being environmentally friendly teen cost nudge amount AT money- opponents argue. Protestor Jesse Accused Trot Rockefeller University estimates that to satisfy Aquas electricity needs, they would have to cover all of Texas and Louisiana with wind turbines what would be very expensive. Meanwhile, considering the prices of oil at their peak, continuous bill rising and perspective of running out of liquid sources, the huge input of money in making alternative sources operate equals. In addition, when you remember the idea of paying green taxes by those who damage the environment you have no doubts. Money is equal with only one difference you pay before, making the alternative sources operate, or after usage being left with high bills. Oil believers claim also that as long as benefits of alternative sources can be measure in electricity production they absolutely fail when you consider the remonstration. Our civilization stands out with the productivity of goods and their huge dislocation at the same time. This requires tons of oil and gas with the huge share of oil (90% ) in the entire world transportations. Following The Report of Peak Oil for USA department the peak of oil production will make serious problem for liquid sources in transportation not energetic crises generally speaking. They consider no other possibilities in this branch. Fortunately the world of science together with vehicle lovers offer unlimited visions and prospects in automobile development. After oil and gasoline engine, respected motor and car companies such as Toyota, Lexus, Ionians or Honda have launched their new inventions, a car which combines a small fuel-efficient gas engine with an electric motor that assists the engine when accelerating. The electric motor is powered by batteries that recharge automatically while you driver. This ecological whim called hybrid car is gaining more and more popularity and other car companies being convinced of new technology are bringing out new models. Only in 2004 Lexus ARC eh received the reward of European Car of The Year. When you insider other kinds of transportation, cities like Seattle have diesel-electric buses- these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they are away from the wires. Giant mining trucks, or submarines are often diesel-electric hybrids, or nuclear-electric. And the latest invention of automobile world- the hydrogen car proves the human genuine and denies the gloomy vision of oil dependence. The process of becoming green does not mean generating electricity from alternative sources or seeking innovative solutions in automobile industry, it also means reduction in consumption and perhaps less comfortable and more emending way of life. As people are becoming more and more sensitive towards environmental issues, they accept green solutions. Surprisingly, it looks as a new thriving revolution, or as skeptics prefer to call a fashion of becoming green. In the USA green industry makes huge profits and is nearly comparable with the dot- revolution in the 90-ices. Green architecture is thriving gaining new branches from new raw materials to recycled. You can admire new efficient and ecologically friendly office buildings in Japan, China, USA or in Europe, usually skyscrapers powered by mind or solar panels with rainwater collectors, insulating glass system and daylight dimming system; all constructed in one purpose to reduce energy and water consumptions. There is also widespread tendency to build self-sufficient houses powered Dye alternative sources, Walt inclement logging systems All tense symptoms prove that green global community is becoming an absolute fact not a marginal fanaticism of some forces, and if this requires, if any, some personal sacrifices like walking instead of going by car or riding a bike instead of driving a car, it is worth taking it up in the name of higher value Our Earth protection.

Analysis of Trust and Equity in Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Analysis of Trust and Equity in Law - Case Study Example In order to understand the term trust well, one has to understand some technical terms such as resulting trusts, an express trust, fiduciary, fixed trust, beneficiary, charitable trust, personal remedies, and constructive trusts. Trust is always a unique creation of the common law. When a trustee is transferring property to a beneficiary he may be bound by numerous duties which may be either imposed by general principles of equity, by statute or by the trust instrument and there are always serious impacts to the trustee who may either neglect his duties or breach the terms contained in the contract. When establishing a trust, there must be certainty and clarity. It is very necessary to be clear as to who the property is transferred to. There should also be the establishment of the rights of the beneficiary with certainty so that in case the trustee fails to carry his duties, the trust should be enforced. There must be different types and levels of formality when dealing with differen t and various types of property. It is very important for the trustee to be invested properly with the title to the trust property that he wishes to transfer. This is because he is the owner of the property. Unless the trustee does so, the trust is considered as incomplete and the beneficiaries may have no claim over the property. This fact is well illustrated in case Milroy v Lord (1862). In special instances where the property has to be transferred to the beneficiary, the trustee needs to closely examine the particular type of trust that he wants and wishes to transfer so that he can determine what needs to be done in order to transfer the property effectively. If the trustee of the property has a title, there is no need of any formality in the transfer. For an effective declaration to take place is only some clear evidence of irrevocable and present declaration of trust. This evidence may take any form. It is a condition that for a declaration of a trust to be effective, there mu st not be a failed attempt by the owner of the property to create the trust by transferring the property to the beneficiary. In the case, Paul v Constance [1977] 1 WLR 527, Mr. Constance who was deceased was operating a bank account in his own name. In many instances, he heard as saying to his de facto partner Mrs. Paul that the money he had was his as well as hers. By that time, Mr. Constance was still legally married to Mrs. Constance, who was the defendant in this case. Constance later died intestate and all his assets including the bank account passed to his wife. With this statement, it was not sufficient enough that there was a trust which had been created.  Ã‚  

The efectivness of our court systems Research Paper

The efectivness of our court systems - Research Paper Example However not much ray of hope can be ascertained because one can encounter a number of problems left, right and center within these ranks and specifically within the United States of America. Within the domains of the United States, as statistics have proven, in 2006-07, adult criminal courts processed around 372,000 court cases which involved 1,080,000 charges. These figures were more or less unchanged as one compares the same with 2005-06. The number of cases that were termed as complete from the criminal justice domains was therefore slow but work was underway all the same. The delay process is so lengthy that a number of suitors find it hard to comply with the cases, asking them to drop the case and move on with life. The effectiveness of the court systems therefore takes a nosedive, and this is one aspect that must be properly understood before moving ahead any further (Vanhala, 2011). What is staggering to state the least is the fact that males are accused more than their female counterparts. United States has seen that around 78% of all involved were males while the remaining 16% were females within the adult criminal court cases, which saw an undisclosed 6% not naming the gender that was involved. How cases get processed within any court system in the world is something that one needs to properly comprehend and that too in a quick way (Clear, 2009). Bringing an accused to trial is one of the most significant pointers that one can think of when understanding the nuances linked with the court systems. Since this is a fundamental principle within a number of criminal justice systems of the United States courts (Kostulski, 2011). Whether or not the court systems are doing their jobs properly could easily be ascertained from the fact that there is immense disharmony within the related realms. The court systems need to be made tougher so that the offenders cannot take the entire criminal justice system for granted. United States needs to broaden the horizon th at surrounds the thinking of working along the court systems where the accused find more time than the party which has been hard done by. One can think of these regimes as being subverted due to the fact that the entire incorporation of the court systems has been ransacked as the ‘system’ metaphor is flawed. If stricter measures are ensured within the United States court systems, it will mean that the effectiveness of the same would be guaranteed to a greater extent than these are at the present. There would be less repeat offenders and such individuals would be discouraged before undertaking an offensive act which might ruin their reputation, careers or just about anything which is deemed as significant for their entirety (Apparicio, 2008). Stricter measures would ensure within United States that there is harsh compliance with the rules and laws of the land and the court systems would not go astray as far as the work realms of the court systems are concerned. There wou ld be immense significance on the way the United States courts are being held and the manner in which their work is being manifested, day in and day out. Within United States, the aspect of the punishments being harsher in this day and age holds a great amount of significance because